Georgia
Birth Defects Counts and Prevalence 2018-2022 (Prevalence per 10,000 Live Births)
Defect
Maternal Race/Ethnicity
Total * Notes
White,
Non-Hispanic
Black,
Non-Hispanic
Hispanic,
Non-Hispanic
Asian or
Pacific Islander,
Non-Hispanic
American Indian
or Alaskan Native,
Non-Hispanic
Anencephaly 55 (2.0) 40 (1.9) 26 (2.7) 8 (2.8) 0 (0.0) 132 (2.1)
Anophthalmia / microphthalmia 20 (0.7) 14 (0.7) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 40 (0.6)
Anotia / microtia 42 (1.6) 22 (1.0) 60 (6.3) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 131 (2.1)
Aortic valve stenosis 23 (0.9) 13 (0.6) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 44 (0.7)
Atrial septal defect 1769 (65.5) 1942 (91.1) 380 (40.1) 129 (45.3) 8 (151.8) 4336 (69.4)
Atrioventricular septal defect (endocardial cushion defect) 116 (4.3) 88 (4.1) 32 (3.4) 5 (1.8) 0 (0.0) 248 (4.0)
Biliary atresia 26 (1.0) 61 (2.9) 7 (0.7) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 98 (1.6)
Bladder exstrophy 6 (0.2) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 10 (0.2)
Choanal atresia 19 (0.7) 9 (0.4) 7 (0.7) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 42 (0.7)
Cleft lip alone (without cleft palate) 113 (4.2) 41 (1.9) 27 (2.8) 9 (3.2) <5 (†) 195 (3.1)
Cleft lip with cleft palate 301 (11.1) 129 (6.1) 81 (8.5) 19 (6.7) 0 (0.0) 534 (8.5)
Cleft palate alone (without cleft lip) 223 (8.3) 99 (4.6) 42 (4.4) 24 (8.4) <5 (†) 395 (6.3)
Cloacal exstrophy <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) <5 (†)
Clubfoot 345 (12.8) 246 (11.5) 125 (13.2) 15 (5.3) <5 (†) 753 (12.1)
Coarctation of aorta 113 (4.2) 64 (3.0) 33 (3.5) 7 (2.5) 0 (0.0) 226 (3.6)
Common truncus (truncus arteriosus or TA) 12 (0.4) 16 (0.8) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 31 (0.5)
Congenital cataract 24 (0.9) 25 (1.2) 10 (1.1) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 62 (1.0)
Congenital posterior urethral valves 21 (1.5) 41 (3.8) 8 (1.7) 5 (3.4) 0 (0.0) 80 (2.5) 1
Craniosynostosis 285 (10.6) 112 (5.3) 74 (7.8) 22 (7.7) 0 (0.0) 505 (8.1)
Deletion 22q11.2 20 (0.7) 28 (1.3) 11 (1.2) <5 (†) <5 (†) 65 (1.0)
Dextro-Transposition of great arteries (d-TGA) 62 (2.3) 33 (1.5) 16 (1.7) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 118 (1.9)
Diaphragmatic hernia 75 (2.8) 64 (3.0) 40 (4.2) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 183 (2.9)
Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) 47 (1.7) 41 (1.9) 11 (1.2) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 106 (1.7)
Ebstein anomaly 12 (0.4) <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) 23 (0.4)
Encephalocele 22 (0.8) 27 (1.3) 7 (0.7) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 60 (1.0)
Esophageal atresia / tracheoesophageal fistula 48 (1.8) 30 (1.4) 17 (1.8) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 100 (1.6)
Gastroschisis 91 (3.4) 50 (2.3) 23 (2.4) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 172 (2.8)
Holoprosencephaly 27 (1.0) 19 (0.9) 7 (0.7) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 54 (0.9)
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome 58 (2.1) 62 (2.9) 15 (1.6) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 138 (2.2)
Hypospadias 773 (55.8) 514 (47.5) 90 (18.6) 43 (29.4) <5 (†) 1458 (45.7) 1
Interrupted aortic arch (IAA) <5 (†) 6 (0.3) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 10 (0.2)
Limb deficiencies (reduction defects) 131 (4.9) 114 (5.3) 39 (4.1) 5 (1.8) 0 (0.0) 294 (4.7)
Omphalocele 46 (1.7) 57 (2.7) 17 (1.8) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 128 (2.0)
Pulmonary valve atresia 16 (0.6) 18 (0.8) 9 (0.9) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 45 (0.7)
Pulmonary valve atresia and stenosis 92 (3.4) 111 (5.2) 25 (2.6) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 233 (3.7)
Rectal and large intestinal atresia / stenosis 102 (3.8) 74 (3.5) 42 (4.4) 10 (3.5) 0 (0.0) 231 (3.7)
Renal agenesis / hypoplasia 151 (5.6) 113 (5.3) 41 (4.3) 8 (2.8) 0 (0.0) 321 (5.1)
Single ventricle 34 (1.3) 23 (1.1) 18 (1.9) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 77 (1.2)
Small intestinal atresia / stenosis 47 (1.7) 57 (2.7) 16 (1.7) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 123 (2.0)
Spina bifida without anencephaly 101 (3.7) 48 (2.3) 40 (4.2) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 194 (3.1)
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) 85 (3.1) 109 (5.1) 27 (2.8) 10 (3.5) 0 (0.0) 234 (3.7)
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) 14 (0.5) 14 (0.7) 15 (1.6) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 44 (0.7)
Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) 66 (2.4) 35 (1.6) 18 (1.9) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 127 (2.0)
Tricuspid valve atresia 12 (0.4) 20 (0.9) 5 (0.5) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 37 (0.6)
Tricuspid valve atresia and stenosis 12 (0.4) 20 (0.9) 5 (0.5) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 37 (0.6)
Trisomy 13 35 (1.3) 36 (1.7) 11 (1.2) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 87 (1.4)
Trisomy 18 55 (2.0) 66 (3.1) 18 (1.9) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 146 (2.3)
Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) 414 (15.3) 309 (14.5) 258 (27.2) 15 (5.3) 0 (0.0) 1010 (16.2)
Turner syndrome 40 (3.0) 28 (2.7) 15 (3.2) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 87 (2.8) 2
Ventricular septal defect 740 (27.4) 542 (25.4) 229 (24.2) 52 (18.3) <5 (†) 1602 (25.6)
Total live births 270027 213216 94811 28446 527 624652 3
Male Live Births 138509 108166 48447 14645 279 319009
Female Live Births 131518 105050 46364 13801 248 305643
Notes
1- Data for this condition include male and unknown infant sex cases only. Prevalence is calculated per 10,000 male live births.
2- Data for this condition include female and unknown infant sex cases only. Prevalence is calculated per 10,000 female live births.
3- Data for total live births include unknown infant sex.

General comments
†- Counts <5 and associated prevalences are suppressed
*- Data for totals include unknown/other race
Georgia
Birth Defects Counts and Prevalence 2018-2022 (Prevalence per 10,000 Live Births)
Defect
Maternal Age
Total *
Less than 35 years 35 of more years
Gastroschisis 158 (3.1) 14 (1.3) 172 (2.8)
Trisomy 13 49 (0.9) 38 (3.5) 87 (1.4)
Trisomy 18 72 (1.4) 74 (6.9) 146 (2.3)
Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) 496 (9.6) 514 (47.7) 1010 (16.2)
Total live births 516988 107664 624652
Notes
†- Counts <5 and associated prevalences are suppressed
*- Data for totals include unknown/other maternal age
Georgia
Notes on Specific Birth Defects
Defect Site Comment
Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) 2023 TGA infant sex total check showing an error, can't identify issue
Dextro-Transposition of great arteries (d-TGA) 2023 DTGA infant sex total and live births check showing errors, can't identify issue
Ventricular septal defect 2019 VSD race/ethnicity check showing an error, sum total for 2019 jumps back to 2018 in raw data table, not 2019
Atrial septal defect 2018 ASD race/ethnicity check showing an error, can't identify issue
Biliary atresia 2020 biliary atresia infant sex check showing an error, issue is incorrect cells are used in formula
Trisomy 13 2021 Trisomy 13 maternal age total check showing an error, can't identify issue
Universal comment As described in the survey, BDR data come from numerous types of reporting sources beyond vital records. Cases who do not readily match to SendSS-Newborn (-NB) or otherwise have a birth certificate number were triaged into three separate tiers: (A) delivery hospital is known and matches a facility in Georgia; (B) free-text other than a delivery hospital was reported (e.g., home planned, occurred out of hospital); (C) no delivery hospital was reported. Cases in tier C were determined to have insufficient evidence of Georgia residence at delivery and were excluded. Cases in tier A (Georgia delivery hospital reported) and select cases from tier B (free-text: home planned, other, occurred out of hospital) were manually reviewed to ascertain confirm residence and obtain (1) birth or fetal death certificate number and (2) demographic data. Few cases could not be located in vital records (VR), but had confirmation of Georgia residence through data found in Newborn Screening or Children 1st referrals. Data from VRs were prioritized; where absent, data found in SendSS-NB supplemented demographic data reported in the survey and data call tables.