Iowa
Birth Defects Counts and Prevalence 2018-2021 (Prevalence per 10,000 Live Births)
Defect
Maternal Race/Ethnicity
Total * Notes
White,
Non-Hispanic
Black,
Non-Hispanic
Hispanic,
Non-Hispanic
Asian or
Pacific Islander,
Non-Hispanic
American Indian
or Alaskan Native,
Non-Hispanic
Anencephaly 5 (0.4) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 42 (2.8)
Anophthalmia / microphthalmia 14 (1.2) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) 23 (1.6)
Anotia / microtia 24 (2.1) 0 (0.0) 6 (4.0) <5 (†) <5 (†) 35 (2.4)
Aortic valve stenosis 27 (2.4) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 31 (2.1)
Atrial septal defect 216 (19.0) 29 (27.2) 38 (25.4) 16 (28.6) <5 (†) 314 (21.2)
Atrioventricular septal defect (endocardial cushion defect) 74 (6.5) <5 (†) 10 (6.7) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) 93 (6.3)
Biliary atresia <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 5 (0.3)
Bladder exstrophy <5 (†) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) <5 (†)
Choanal atresia 8 (0.7) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 9 (0.6)
Cleft lip alone (without cleft palate) 47 (4.1) <5 (†) 5 (3.3) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 57 (3.8)
Cleft lip with cleft palate 56 (4.9) <5 (†) 12 (8.0) <5 (†) <5 (†) 90 (6.1)
Cleft palate alone (without cleft lip) 84 (7.4) 6 (5.6) 9 (6.0) <5 (†) <5 (†) 107 (7.2)
Cloacal exstrophy 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0)
Clubfoot 213 (18.7) 14 (13.1) 19 (12.7) 6 (10.7) <5 (†) 283 (19.1)
Coarctation of aorta 80 (7.0) 5 (4.7) 11 (7.4) <5 (†) <5 (†) 101 (6.8)
Common truncus (truncus arteriosus or TA) 5 (0.4) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 11 (0.7)
Congenital cataract 36 (3.2) <5 (†) 7 (4.7) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 49 (3.3)
Congenital posterior urethral valves 12 (2.1) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 17 (2.2) 1
Craniosynostosis 83 (7.3) 0 (0.0) 8 (5.3) <5 (†) <5 (†) 96 (6.5)
Deletion 22q11.2 25 (2.2) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 29 (2.0)
Dextro-Transposition of great arteries (d-TGA) 22 (1.9) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) 28 (1.9)
Diaphragmatic hernia 42 (3.7) <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 56 (3.8)
Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) 21 (1.8) 5 (4.7) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 39 (2.6)
Ebstein anomaly 9 (0.8) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 12 (0.8)
Encephalocele 7 (0.6) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 20 (1.3)
Esophageal atresia / tracheoesophageal fistula 28 (2.5) 6 (5.6) 5 (3.3) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 41 (2.8)
Gastroschisis 33 (2.9) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 42 (2.8)
Holoprosencephaly 12 (1.1) <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 35 (2.4)
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome 18 (1.6) <5 (†) 5 (3.3) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 32 (2.2)
Hypospadias 375 (64.4) 21 (38.8) 26 (34.2) 5 (17.5) <5 (†) 431 (56.9) 1
Interrupted aortic arch (IAA) 7 (0.6) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 10 (0.7)
Limb deficiencies (reduction defects) 42 (3.7) <5 (†) 8 (5.3) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 75 (5.1)
Omphalocele 15 (1.3) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 40 (2.7)
Pulmonary valve atresia 11 (1.0) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 15 (1.0)
Pulmonary valve atresia and stenosis 105 (9.2) 11 (10.3) 9 (6.0) 8 (14.3) 0 (0.0) 135 (9.1)
Rectal and large intestinal atresia / stenosis 33 (2.9) 5 (4.7) <5 (†) 5 (8.9) 0 (0.0) 49 (3.3)
Renal agenesis / hypoplasia 63 (5.5) 5 (4.7) 9 (6.0) 6 (10.7) 0 (0.0) 96 (6.5)
Single ventricle 5 (0.4) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 8 (0.5)
Small intestinal atresia / stenosis 31 (2.7) <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 37 (2.5)
Spina bifida without anencephaly 39 (3.4) <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) 57 (3.8)
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) 44 (3.9) 8 (7.5) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 61 (4.1)
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) 16 (1.4) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) 21 (1.4)
Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) 28 (2.5) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) 36 (2.4)
Tricuspid valve atresia <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 7 (0.5)
Tricuspid valve atresia and stenosis 22 (1.9) <5 (†) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 36 (2.4)
Trisomy 13 8 (0.7) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 21 (1.4)
Trisomy 18 16 (1.4) <5 (†) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) 54 (3.6)
Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) 155 (13.6) 13 (12.2) 30 (20.1) 5 (8.9) <5 (†) 242 (16.3)
Turner syndrome 11 (2.0) 0 (0.0) <5 (†) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 30 (4.1) 2
Ventricular septal defect 551 (48.4) 49 (46.0) 79 (52.8) 23 (41.1) 5 (86.8) 738 (49.8)
Total live births 113754 10654 14958 5594 576 148174 3
Male Live Births 58202 5419 7592 2857 280 75727
Female Live Births 55551 5235 7365 2737 296 72445
Notes
1- Data for this condition include male and unknown infant sex cases only. Prevalence is calculated per 10,000 male live births.
2- Data for this condition include female and unknown infant sex cases only. Prevalence is calculated per 10,000 female live births.
3- Data for total live births include unknown infant sex.

General comments
†- Counts <5 and associated prevalences are suppressed
*- Data for totals include unknown/other race
Iowa
Birth Defects Counts and Prevalence 2018-2021 (Prevalence per 10,000 Live Births)
Defect
Maternal Age
Total *
Less than 35 years 35 of more years
Gastroschisis 41 (3.2) <5 (†) 42 (2.8)
Trisomy 13 16 (1.3) 5 (2.3) 21 (1.4)
Trisomy 18 22 (1.7) 32 (15.0) 54 (3.6)
Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) 126 (9.9) 116 (54.2) 242 (16.3)
Total live births 126673 21403 148174
Notes
†- Counts <5 and associated prevalences are suppressed
*- Data for totals include unknown/other maternal age
Iowa
Notes on Specific Birth Defects
Defect Site Comment
Ventricular septal defect Data for this condition exclude Inlet VSD
Cleft palate alone (without cleft lip) In determining Cleft palate alone, code 749.080 (bifid uvula) is excluded.
Choanal atresia Data for this condition exclude choanal stenosis.
Universal comment Table 1b and Table 2b Total male live births and Total female live births do not match Total live births because there are 2 unknown sex case
Universal comment IA uses CDC/BPA codes.
Universal comment Data for all conditions exclude probable/possible cases.
Limb deficiencies (reduction defects) Data for this condition exclude other specified and unspecified limb reductions.